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Would you buy your children a Malala inspired Bratz doll?

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Nothing in our world happens without meaning or impact. In every moment, we absorb different forms of energy from whatever our surroundings hold, especially in the tender stage of childhood. Toys, for one, might simply be seen as objects children play with, but is there a chance that they too have a deeper meaning and effect on the minds and personalities of minors?  Toys also play a part in implementing gender roles – we all have seen little girls playing with dolls, and boys being given toy cars or guns to play with. I, myself, was fond of dolls as a child and couldn’t care less about other toys. As someone who has had her fair share of the Barbie-obsession, I can affirm that the toys we play with serve a huge role in informing our behaviour, and if adults are observant they can know more about their children from the way they play with their toys. For me, playing with dolls was all about creating tiny and adorable dresses for them – I ended up enrolling in a fashion design institute. Today, I see my nieces playing those Barbie dress-up games on their parents’ smartphones and PC’s, something that has replaced playing with actual dolls. Behaviour formation occurs here too. Like their plastic counterparts, the Barbie-like figures affirm the importance of glamour and makeup to children, because of the dress-up games that become such an innate part of doll culture. The changes made in the production of dolls and their features cannot be missed. Though critics are dismissive of famous brands such as Barbie, due to the unrealistic body image they may weave into the minds of young girls, Bratz dolls have been the blatant glamorisation of all dolls. Many of us have fought with society’s perceptions of beauty based on the standards that have been established by the media. While Barbies seem like an imitation of runway models, these Bratz dolls are something beyond sensualised versions of what the fashion industry and pop-culture presents as desirable – all embedded into a child’s toy. This will serve as nothing but harmful for the younger generation of girls. So, is it fine to let the delicate minds of young girls be exposed to the pop-culture inspired toys that might end up giving them the wrong idea about beauty and gender-roles? Artist Wendy Tsao didn’t think so. A true artist is someone who can shift the perspective and look beyond what the masses have adjusted to. And Canadian artist, Tsao, decided to do just that. She believes that we shouldn’t let our younger generation be pushed back to ideals that make them want to conform to certain beauty standards; whether it’s the perfect Barbie-bodies, or the sensual looks of Bratz dolls. She reimagined the Bratz dolls as women of essence. The new dolls were not Disney or mythical characters, but iconic women from real life. Tsao removed the makeup from Bratz dolls and reinvented them. Her new dolls were based on Malala Yousafzai, JK Rowling, Jane Goodall, Waris Dirie, and Roberta Bondar. I would have loved to get my hands on the doll inspired by the astronaut Roberta Bondar as a child – I was really obsessed with space and astronomy. [poll id="680"] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="557"] Malala Yousafzai, 1997-, Pakistani activist, youngest Nobel Prize laureate[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="562"] JK Rowling, 1965-, British novelist best known for Harry Potter series[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="576"] Jane Goodall, 1934- , British primatologist, UN Messenger of Peace[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="569"] Waris Dirie, 1965-, model, author, social activist[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="613"] Roberta Bondar, first female Canadian astronaut[/caption] Wendy’s motive was to inspire the children who played with these dolls, so that they could learn more about these inspirational women and develop ideals that will make them want to explore greater horizons in life. Children will see that these strong personalities were also like them at one time and that they, too, can be as great if they aim for it. Tsao herself was inspired by her own sister who was a strong-headed girl and supported her through thick and thin. Having been raised with an older sibling with a determined personality facilitated Tsao to be able to see that children need strong and inspirational role models as opposed to hyper-sensualised toys. When Tsao observed how Bratz dolls were being criticised, she didn’t join in the criticism. Instead, she sought to find an alternative. She still wonders whether children will be fascinated with the new dolls. Perhaps many young girls won’t even be familiar with the heroic women these dolls represent. I believe this is where our responsibility as adults comes in. Raising our children to be curious about the world and inventing fun ways to teach them about people who made great contributions to society might make all the difference. Toys such as these might be a good point to start. Introduce them to the Malala doll, representing the brave little girl who fought for girls’ rights to go to school. Buy them the JK Rowling doll which is probably going to be a favourite, or Jane Goodall and Roberta Bondar, the UN messenger of peace and Canada’s first female astronaut and neurologist, respectively. Perhaps these dolls will urge children to inquire about these ladies or discuss them with their friends. As we all know, small things can make big differences. All photos: wendytsao.com [poll id="681"]



I learned true parenting from a foster mother

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I first saw her at my kid’s school; she stood out in the crowd, a beautiful brunette with hazel eyes, radiant smile and … a stroller full of babies. There were three kids; a boy and two girls. I asked her if the girls were twins. She said no; they were 11 months apart. She wasn’t their birth mum – she was fostering-to-adopt them. Being from a country where foster parenting is not a widely acclaimed subject, fostering-to-adopt piqued my interest. I wanted to get acquainted with her, and over the following months we did. We often met on school runs, while picking and dropping our kids. She exuded such warmth that just after a couple of meetings I felt at complete ease with her. Her smile could literally just light up the room. As she juggled her many kids of various ages, attending to their different needs and questions, always alert if they wandered too far, she still managed to listen to my migration blues. I could babble all my settling down issues to her and she would hug and say things that would make me feel better instantly. There was something in her that said she isn’t an ordinary girl, and as I got to know her better, time only reinforced that view. LB, a stay at home mum, is an inspiration for women who are liberal feminists, and abandon their nurturing disposition. L, with two kids of her own, is a foster parent who is taking care of three girls; girls whose birth mothers could not provide for them, and so left them with social services. L and her husband B are not just fostering the girls, but they are making them their own through adoption, an act that reflects their commitment to provide them with the most essential, yet often underrated luxuries of the world … love and family. But how and why a young woman in her prime, living in one of the most developed countries in the world, considered undertaking such a large responsibility baffles me. It took me a while to understand the answers, but as I did, they were enough for me to break the stereotypical image of the west. Western society observed through the looking glass of the east comes across as intrinsically materialistic, propagating an individualistic mantra. The cultural disintegration has resulted in the dramatic collapse of family values, and at times, even the dissolution of the very definition of family. Shroud in a feminist cloak, the ideals of womanhood have gone through a paradigm shift, where the east is gradually following suit. Western women are perceived as very career oriented, liberated and empowered, and are idolised by women in developing nations. Exploring L’s journey into motherhood, my perception was about to drastically change. L’s wants and desires are very different from other women. Her life motto is to give. She shares her blessings and finds happiness in that. She also understands that parenting is not just about providing, but is also about sacrificing. L sacrifices and shares her motherhood with grace. Being a mother is a privilege, one that should be shared. The road taken by L is by no means unchallenging. She and her family have gone through some of the most gruelling times. The most testing time was when days before welcoming their second foster child; their son was diagnosed with a rare form of cancer. The trauma that the family experienced is unfathomable, yet they were steadfast in the face of adversity, and fought with all their might. They welcomed the new child and fought the cancer head on. Their faith was strong, and so was God’s will that pulled them through the storm. Their son recovered and the family came out stronger than ever. Such is God’s will. The ray of hope that she held out for others was reflected back on her child.­­­­ Those dark clouds are long gone and now her snug little world is filled with the gentle tenderness of sweet cuddles and blissful shrieks of laughter as the merry bunch of kids continue to live their dreams in a home that is full of love and respect for one another. L’s compassion and sacrifice will be passed on and carried forward by her children, who will grow up to be equally, if not better parents. They will grow up to pass on the same values on to their children who will help further understand and promote the importance of a stable, caring and supportive family. L, and many women like her across the globe, are sharing their love and rekindling hope for children abandoned by the cruelties of fate. They are carrying out successful careers as mothers because they believe that being a mother is a full time job. Rather than juggling two jobs, they have decided to invest their time in the future of their country and the next generation. As a result this generation will grow up much more emotionally stable and thus will be able to contribute as responsible individuals to society. As L talks about her kids, I gaze at her; her words and eyes radiate with the warmth of a mother. Straddling one, hugging the other and cajoling another, she goes about distributing her love. She asks me about homeless children in Pakistan and our efforts to rehabilitate them … I struggle to respond. Being a person who has forever been so ignorant towards the forsaken eyes that beseeched me at every traffic light, I could not utter a word. My interaction was limited to sparse moments of pitiful glances that shamed humanity. Now sitting in a world away from home, I was conflicted by what I wanted to say and what I could not. I could not tell her that we have reserved this task for Edhi centres around the country. I could not tell her that in a country of more than 180 million people we did not have enough emotionally and morally stable individuals who were willing to foster our homeless kids, whose innocence is abused every night and day, while we continue to turn a blind eye to their suffering. I could not! Western nations have a remarkable trait that distinguishes them from the rest, they tend to clean up their own mess, whereas others like us keep waiting for a messiah to swoop down and cure all our ills. With time they have come to realise the importance of family and are now conscientiously aiming to promote family values. As more and more children end up on streets of Pakistan, or at the very least in Edhi centres, the subject of sharing our love and homes with the less fortunate needs to be taken up on a national level. L has taught me an endearing lesson; she has shown me my utterly selfish side that refuses to extend motherhood beyond the products of my own womb. After spending an afternoon discovering the beauty of motherhood at her house, I stepped out on to the cold snowy street. In the fading light of the setting sun I could see my silhouette in the soft snow banks along the road, in my empty hands I try to imagine a few alms of love that I could give but have never given, how unfortunate I have been! My journey of self-discovery continues, in hopes that someday it will lead me back to my roots with a heart that is able to give.


The educated housewife: A choice, not a chore

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Until recently I’d felt that feminism, when it came to women working, was baseless because in most modern families, women can choose to either work or stay at home. But I’ve come to realise that the only reason I feel this way is because I’m lucky enough to have been raised in an environment where I am not expected to give up my dreams because of something as trivial as my gender. Let me tell you a story. I know someone who married at the age of twenty-six, of her own accord. She had already completed her Bachelor’s degree with a distinction, and continued to work even after getting married. Her daughter was born, and only four years later she established her own practice. This woman has served on the board of a prestigious university, has been published numerous times, and now, two decades later, is fulfilling another dream and completing her Master’s degree on full scholarship. I’d say that’s a pretty accurate image of a well-established female. The woman’s husband supported her every decision, never once asking her to give up her dreams and stay at home. You say,

“She would’ve have never been around, her kids must have suffered”?
And yet, both her children are happy, healthy, and currently completing their O and A Levels from one of the most prestigious schools in the country.
“They must have no family life,” you think.
Wrong again. The four of them form a closer knit family than most – they regularly go out to the cinema together, they eat breakfast and dinner together, and no weekend is complete without at least one family or friend gathering. When her children were born she took time off  (about a year and a half, both times) after which she worked only part-time and switched to a smaller nearby office so that she could reach home within five minutes if needed. Despite having this strong female figure in her life, her daughter is different. She dreams of getting married in her early twenties with a huge desi wedding. She wants to stay at with home with her children. Are you thinking it must be because her mother neglects her family and the daughter doesn’t want to make the same mistake? No, she has never felt neglected, nor has she ever resented her mother’s career, quite the opposite actually, she respects her career. Are you feminists shaking your head at her? Are you assuming that it’s the only life she can have because she’s an airhead and can’t be successful? No, she is not dumb. She is intelligent. She manages to maintain outstanding grades at one of the most sought-after schools in the country, is applying to the top universities in the world, and has set high academic goals for herself so that she can be independent. The only difference is that after all this is over, she will choose to stop working and become a stay-at-home mom. Not because she is pressured into it or because that’s what her husband would want, but because that is what she feels would make her happier and is what she’d want to do with her own life. Personally, I relate to the daughter, and those close to me know this. I was therefore left dumbfounded and hurt when they tsk’d and judged me for sharing a post about how girls should not be forced to stay confined to the kitchen. Just because I feel that girls should not be bound to work in kitchens all day, doesn’t mean I’m saying girls should not cook because it degrades them. It was then that I realised the extent of the situation. The majority of us have segregated to two poles. The first is the age-old “a girl should only cook, clean, and stay home.” The second pushes women to be solely career driven. There is a stereotype of house-wives and stay-at-home moms being regarded as signs of subservience and accepted inferiority. The problem is that girls are expected by some to stay home, but looked down upon by others if they comply. Do you see the pattern? There is no right answer, and the girl’s own voice is lost somewhere in between. A middle ground must be reached, where a woman can choose to either work or stay at home. To achieve this, there must be a shift in mind-sets of both extremes. Being career-oriented does not necessarily translate into being a terrible homemaker. Choosing to stay home to take care of the family does not give people the right to judge her for “accepting male superiority.” The problem is not what women want and don’t want to do. The problem is that whatever they do, there will always be someone who will disapprove. Feminists fight to empower women but sometimes fail to realise that women at home are empowered too. I am not a radical feminist, I am not a chauvinist. Yes, I want to stay at home. And no, I am not oppressed.

Our company said if he didn’t touch you, it isn’t harassment

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What happens when you finally voice your opinions over the unbearable harassment that you’ve had to face for three months? You are ridiculed, you are blamed for having filth in your mind; you are indirectly under suspicion in everyone’s eyes and all this, for what? Only because you raised your voice against something you do not want to endure anymore. Three years ago I started working at an IT company – it was the beginning of my professional career. The company provided a van service for women, a facility which almost every working woman needs and that is one of the reasons why I accepted the job. Every morning, I was the first one to be picked up. The distance between my house and the next girl’s was around 15 minutes. The van driver was a man in his 30s, about 5’3, medium built with a black beard. So for 15 minutes every day, I was alone in the van with the driver. Being my first job, I didn’t know how to deal with situations in a particularly professional way and would respond whenever the driver spoke to me. Soon, I realised he would speak without reason, just to make conversation. Some days, he would greet me and I’d greet him back out of courtesy. The one thing that annoyed me most about him was his eyes. The way they followed me from the moment he parked outside my house till I sat down on my seat. Even then, they’d watch me. Initially, I tried to ignore them but it became like a ritual for him. I began sitting in a seat that was away from his gaze to get away from them. He would bad mouth the other girls to me, even when I showed my disinterest, as they were also my seniors at work. I avoided conversation with him, but the eyes, I could not avoid. I’m not calling myself a saint, or saying that I don’t backbite but I didn’t want to discuss anything with him. One day, I sternly told him to stop speaking poorly about them infront of me. He was offended. He retorted,

Mein burayi kahan karta ho, mein tu sirf apko bata rha ho” (I am not backbiting, I am just telling you)
One time, I was filling up my water bottle in the office kitchen and he must have spotted me from the window as he began yelling my name out, as if I were his best friend. Like the eyes, I ignored this as well. I remember this one morning where I forgot to greet him as I got on the van. He feigned irritancy and asked,
Aap aaj mujhe Salam karna kyu bhool gayi?” (Why did you forget to greet me today?)
It was unintentional, as he usually picked me up around 6:55am when I used to be half asleep and drowsy. Safe to say, he didn’t let that go so easily. He told me,
‘‘If you don’t greet me, I will not pick you up, even if I have to leave the job.’’
I was shocked by what he said. But again, I chose to stay quiet. Maybe I didn’t tell anyone at work because I thought that no action would be taken. Or maybe it was because ever since I was a young girl, I was never told what harassment actually was. Starting the next day, I ignored him completely. I didn’t greet him. That was when he started misbehaving with me. He would ask me personal questions from why I was doing this job, whether I needed the money and things like that. He even told me that working women are not considered highly amongst other things. Those 15 minutes would feel like an eternity for me. I can’t even put into words the angst I felt in that duration. I want to tell you that this was his first job as a van driver. He used to work as a truck driver before this. I’m just trying to explain the circumstances; it’s not about degrading anyone. I finally decided that I had had enough. I told my mother everything. She said I should discuss it with the rest of the women in the van-pool. When I told them, I realised how wrong I was. He treated all of them like that. Every female he came into contact with in the van said that he behaved badly with them. One of my van fellows told me,
“I had a late sitting in the office, I was going back home around 9:30pm so he asked if we could stop at his house first as he needed to pick up something important.”
That made us uncomfortable hence she said,
“No, please first drop me home and then you can go anywhere.” “Trust me, I’m a good person, I just want to pick something up,” he tried to convince her.
But she refused firmly. He got furious and retorted,
Agar itna darr hai tu baher nikal kar kaam karne ka kya shouq hai?” (If you are so scared, then why are you so fond of working outside your house)
Staring, whistling, and intervening in personal lives was his venom. He did it with all the women. We finally decided that together, we can take a stand against him. We wrote an application against his misconduct and once it was submitted, he was called in by the administration of the company. They warned him severely, but they did not fire him. He didn’t try and apologise, instead, he got angry. He got offensive. He started picking us up according to his mood. It became unbearable. Again, we complained about his behaviour but we were told to “compromise”. I remember my administrator said to me,
Aap ko staring and misbehaviour ke ilawa apke sath harassment toh nae ki na.” (Other than misbehaviour and staring, he didn’t harass you, right.)
I was appalled by his statement; just because he didn’t touch me; it does not mean there was no harassment. What about our emotional discomfort? What about the way we could watch his eyes following us everywhere we went? What about his tone when he spoke to us? My administrator probably didn’t know the definition of harassment. When someone annoys you to such an extent, you get psychologically disturbed. And the way he was acting, it was not innocent. Our complaints were justified. We felt threatened and no one was doing anything about it. Apart from what our administrator said, we did not let it go so easily. In order to validate our point, we initiated a silent protest in which we abandoned the van facility and instead, took the public bus. To our dismay, the company’s ‘solution’ to this problem was to end the van facility completely. They could have easily hired another driver, but no. They took the easy way out. They took the chauvinistic patriarchal way out – by ignoring the women all together. What astonished me more was the behaviour of the other female staff in our office. Instead of empathising with us, these girls blamed us (Gulshan van girls) for creating a mound out of a molehill. They targeted us, they mocked us, and they questioned us. Did they think to ask us what happened? No. Did they want to know? No. We always stress on the fact that the workforce is dominated by men and that’s why they try to pull down the women. We also hear that men do not give women the positions they deserve and that every bad thing that happens to women is because of men. But this made me realise that this was a case of women putting other women down. There was no sisterhood, no help for us. I know it’s been three years and I realise that I could have stopped this earlier. Getting out of university and entering the professional world was like a dream come true. It was my first job; I was naïve and didn’t know how to handle the situation at the time. I am sharing my story to let people know that sexual harassment is not the only kind of harassment. Other forms of harassment, including verbal, are no less than psychological torture. So the next time you see a pair of eyes wandering over you; don’t ignore them. And always stand up for what you believe is right.

Season six of Girls is a game changer. Here’s why.

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The first thing that struck me about season six of Girls was how it wasn’t about the girls anymore. The show was no longer about the undeniable bond between four girls that stood unwavering through time. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=554bdNWCXmA In the very first episode, Hannah (Lena Dunham) says to Paul-Louis (Riz Ahmed) – having him in the episode was enough for me to like it – that she only knew her friends by what they didn’t like. How odd is it to not know what your friends like? How odd is it to relish in that fact? She smirks as she says this and man, did that annoy me. I think that spoke a lot about the selfishness that’s so deeply embedded into our generation. There’s another reference to it when Hannah tells Marnie (Allison Williams) that perhaps she didn’t notice her husband was addicted to drugs because she was too busy paying attention to herself. That’s the real problem isn’t it? Never listening, pretending to hear, and acting as if someone else’s stories are actually something you are invested in. But why? Why are we no longer invested in others’ thoughts, and realities? Others’ pain? We are too immersed into our own pain. We are too busy. Too sad. Too exhausted. Just too done, aren’t we? I recall thinking when the show began that this is going somewhere, even though all the girls were broken. So broken it felt real. But when are the girls going to grow up? Or is this is my future? Sitting in a random cafe writing about things that I don’t care about just to appease myself into believing that I am truly a writer. Is it even the art that matters any more or just the brand? Telling someone you are something to see their reaction as opposed to truly believing in it yourself. I completely understand that Hannah’s character is supposed to be self-deprecating but to what point? Is it Dunham’s way of revealing our victimised natures? Is she trying to illustrate that this fragmented reality of the millennial that we try to capture so intricately through art doesn’t exist? Or did she just completely wipe out everything we know and thought was true? I’m thinking back to season one, and how it captured a reality that felt right. It was so refreshing to finally see such menial life problems on-screen. Hannah was chasing after a guy who couldn’t even admit that he was in a relationship and she wanted to be a writer but she wasn’t really invested in her writing. She wanted to be the millennial girl but the one that surpasses what every other generation blames them for. She was selfish and she thrived upon that selfishness and in a way, I guess we all did as well. We looked up at Hannah pretending to ‘claim’ herself but now that I think about it, Hannah is not inspiring. She is not the girl that we all want to be yet she’s the girl that lingers in the corners of our mind when we are free-falling through our 20s. The recent episode of Girls which went live last Friday was a game changer. Lena Dunham, hats off to you. And I’m not the only one who thought so. Twitter was reeling with people commenting on the raw reality this episode captured. https://twitter.com/gosandee/status/836247655470637057 https://twitter.com/LisaMcAlinden/status/835730418678775808 We live in a world that fears talking about female sexuality. We censor it. We hide from it but it’s always there, looming in the corner. This episode was so essential in showing us that you can’t hide from it and that speaking about consent is so important. As a writer, I think this episode struck me in a way that the others have not. When Chuck Palmer (Matthew Rhys) says that girls come to him because they need stories and experiences to write about – I get it. We all need stories. We constantly search for them; to pen down something that no one has before; a story that’s personally yours and yours alone. I think that’s what’s changed in Girls this year – the media, ‘fake news‘, intellectual property, understanding and believing in everything you read online and yet questioning it all the same. I’m reading an article and I think to myself, “Damn, I could have written that”. I scroll through Twitter thinking, “Why didn’t I find that story?” Because at the end of the day, that’s what it’s about – the experience game – who has more and who can validate it before someone else does. Palmer says his entire life has been destroyed by a website called Tumblr without an E. That resonates. People throw their views out into the world through Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, Tumblr, Pinterest – the list goes on. But isn’t that what free speech is all about? This episode also tackles the problems behind the rise of social media and how we constantly post things without any proof or validation. At the same time, it also shows the importance of a single female voice. And in a country like Pakistan, we need that. One voice can get through to someone – it can change things. Girls may not be doing a whole lot this season, but for young girls living in countries like Pakistan with a lack of exposure, it’s teaching them to speak up and raise their voices beyond the metres that society binds them to. So maybe we all won’t turn into Hannahs. Maybe we won’t be left behind at a cafe writing and mocking people we once respected and valued, re-igniting our womanhood just because we can, questioning every norm because we can. But who knows? Maybe we will. Maybe we already are.


You killed her… the strong, independent woman and her voice along with it

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I recently came across an article that brought up some thoughts about being a woman in Pakistan. The following is the said article: There are girls out there who think they are the moral police of our society. They are the ones that pick and choose when they want to be feminists. The ones that believe it is their right to tell others what to think or feel. Why? Why do you think it is your duty to define what’s right or wrong? If you’re telling someone not to get “physically attached” before their nikkah, you’re barking up the wrong tree. A tree that isn’t yours in the first place. It isn’t anyone’s place and what irritates me to no end is that we live in a society where everyone believes they have to force their views upon everyone around them just to remind themselves that they exist. But no. We live during a time where free thought should essentially rise above everything else. Let’s say someone gives you advice, and you ignore it – that’s fine, but what’s wrong with society is that people believe that it is their right to impose their thoughts upon you, and your duty to follow said advice. What happened to individuality? What happened to taking responsibility for our own actions? Did we just throw all that out the window? If you’ve read the article I’m talking about, you’ll understand where I’m coming from. The notion that getting physical with someone is directly synonymous with losing your dignity is not true. This idea is a problem that persists in almost every division of Pakistani society – girls giving unsolicited advice and the matriarchy extending its paws over any girl who dares to think outside the box. To the writer of this piece, you should know, you killed her. That’s right. The strong, independent woman and her voice along with it. You killed the girl that makes her own choices. The girl that is unafraid of society and unafraid to stand on her own two feet. You killed her and patriarchy rejoiced. But listen, they didn’t rejoice for you, they didn’t clap for you, because at the end of the day, you are still a girl and they are still the ones that believe you cannot do anything more than publish an untimely piece on an online forum. That’s right, I said it. I’m not saying I’m any different. I too sit behind the screen of my computer writing another article hoping that someone will read it and tell me that maybe things will get better. Tell me that my voice matters. Tell me that maybe, just maybe, my ideas and thoughts affected them, but that’s not how it works. At least, not in Pakistan, and definitely not in Karachi. We sit here, the defenders of the written word, yet no one really reads closely enough to listen to what we are inherently trying to say. It makes me sad that we, the educated women, find the need to write about things that are so personal in such an ignorant manner. Yes, the physical body is extremely important and I believe that we should get the conversation going. Us, girls, have stood for too long lingering in the shadows of our brothers, fathers and male friends. Some of us are too ignorant to even know enough about our bodies to preach to those around us – I don’t know why we live in a society where speaking about something so natural is feared. Why aren’t our girls given a sex education? Is society that afraid to let us learn? To let us thrive? Girls, your bodies are not something you should be ashamed of. You are allowed to take up space because you matter and anyone who says otherwise is lying. The thing about giving people relationship advice is that it almost never works because at the end of the day, we are all individuals and we should rejoice in that fact. So you messaged that guy first? Good for you. He didn’t reply? So what? Get over it. Move on. That’s life. You will encounter jerks. Ignore anyone who says you should be chained down to a place or a person because that’s a lie. The said article talks about how getting physically attached to someone before marriage is the worst thing a girl can do to herself – so bad that it leads to suicide. Yes, suicide is a prevalent issue in our society but not every girl who “gives herself up” before marriage wants to commit suicide. In a country like Pakistan, where suicide is already so taboo, we need to understand its implications before just throwing the word around. Suicide is not a joke. Anyone who suffers from depression or other mental illnesses that come with suicidal tendencies knows that we need to open up the conversation about suicide and it is not something that can be, or should be, spoken about lightly. To all the girls out there who are afraid of commitment or afraid of not committing because of some twisted idea of conformity – chill out. Take a step back. Analyse your own choices. Yes, I understand that there are so many of you out there that come from conservative backgrounds and your parents are pressuring you, your grandparents are begging you and those aunties at shaadis are basically undressing you with their eyes – but you have to be stronger than that because trust me, no one is going to fight for you. The notion that our girls have to be meek and subservient to everyone around them is so disheartening. There are girls out there who do not know they even have a choice; they listen to their parents when they tell them they have to marry their cousin; they listen to their parents when they tell them they have to master the art of cooking and sewing because they do not have the freedom of choice. When the writer says, “he killed her”, even metaphorically it is degrading because feminism talks about physical, economic, social and emotional equality. Feminism isn’t fickle, it is not about accepting one thing that works in your favour and denying the rest. Thus, you cannot claim to be on a moral pedestal while at the same time demeaning women that have different opinions than you. The real problem is there are numerous girls who pretend to be innocent because of their parents and society. If you are pretending, at least don’t judge those around you. Give them a break, because if you are pretending to believe in what society extends to our lost girls – the notion that being pure is essentially a woman’s sole duty in life –there are girls out there who will follow you. And following someone on false pretences just creates a vicious cycle that becomes almost impossible to break out of. Why is it that women in Pakistan always have to put other women down? So you’re out in public, you analyse what another woman is wearing. You follow her with your eyes. You question her. But you never say that she looks good; the typical reaction to another woman of power is essentially almost always negative. There’s this thing about a group of girls, and how they can be the most empowering yet degrading of their own kind. They can build you up with all their might but when it suits them, they will tear you down fearlessly. They will be the saviours of their kind if you step out of line. But where does the line exist? This imaginary, we-have-to-be-the-same-or-else line that so many women in Pakistan seem to linger near but never over. And when they do step over it, religion always comes into par. She’s moved away from religion, they say. She’s lost her way, they say. Religion, just like my choices and actions, is personal and has nothing to do with you. I will essentially have to answer for myself – you have nothing to do with my day of judgement, so why so much interest and involvement in my life? When it comes to religion, at the end of the day, no matter what your views, no one should interfere or impose anything upon you. So when we have girls acting as the so-called moral police of the shareef (innocent) faction of society, we should know to ignore them because them stating their views upon us isn’t going to make us change our own. The point is, you killed her and you don’t even care. You killed her and you walked away. You are nothing but a murderer – a murderer of freedom and individuality.


70 years of independence for Pakistan, zero years of independence for its women

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Seventy years of independence today. I’m sitting here, trying to sum up what that means for me. There are too many things that encompass this day. There are too many ways to go about it. It’s 1947. Your grandfather is fighting for his life on a train that has no food. He is holding your father tight in his arms. Your great grandmother is leaving behind her house, her jewellery, her life, to run to a place she never wanted to go. You are not yet in the picture. You have not experienced the hardships. You came when it had already ended. It’s 2017. You are fighting for your rights in a country that does not believe in equality. You’re reflecting on independence, on Partition, on all the things your ancestors went through to get to where you are today. You’re wondering where that is exactly. Is it a place where women get raped every two hours? Is it a place that kills women for acting/speaking/dressing outside of the norm? Is it a place where independence thrives? Or is it a place that kills the independent – luring you into believing that it is possible to speak your mind – and then silencing you for doing so? We are always celebrating Pakistan’s independence; independence from the British, from India, from all the shackles we wanted to be free from. Seventy years of celebrating, 70 years of building, and rebuilding, learning and forgetting, 70 years of our own people. But we celebrate like it means something more, like we’re actually independent. Let me break it down for you – I am 23-years-old, living in a country that my great grandparents and grandparents went through hell to live in. My great grandmother would tell me stories growing up. She’d talk about how she had one biscuit to divide between her five children on her journey to Pakistan, how she starved so that they could live. She told me that her house in Delhi was everything she always wanted, and so was her life. It wasn’t like her life in Karachi wasn’t great; it was just that the independence she had fought so hard to give to the women of our family doesn’t exist. It’s a figment of our imagination. I loved hearing about that time. I wanted to understand what it was like, how everyone felt, what they went through. So I’d probe my grandmother into telling me stories. Amidst tears she told me that they were forced out of their house in Delhi. They hid in a flat where they were told to keep the lights off. They were told not to speak a word. She said she could clearly recall the fear above everything else – it was her most distinct memory of all. Her father left to gather some things from their house, and while he left, a truck arrived to take them to Lal Quila, where they’d wait until they left for what was by then, Pakistan. My great grandmother refused to leave without him as she was afraid. But somehow, she managed to leave. I guess she knew that she had to do what was best for her children. When they reunited, my great grandfather conveyed that he couldn’t even manage to get to the house because there were too many bodies. Too many for him to even see over. For 10 days, they stayed in Lal Quila – they had no food for the entire duration. My grandmother and her siblings would cry for toast every single day and my great grandmother would go in search for it. She rarely found any and what she did find, she’d give to her children. https://soundcloud.com/citizensarchive/the-citizens-archive-of-pakistan-podcast-143-nighat-mutahir-husain My point in relaying this story is that our women were so strong during this time. They stood by their children, they left everything for their sake, yet today, they are still unappreciated. They are still pushed to the side-lines. My great grandmother did everything in her power to ensure the safety of her family, even though it meant that she may not ever see her husband again. This is bravery at its core. The most independent I have ever felt has been outside my own country – let that sink in. Imagine how it feels to not be able to live freely in a place that you call home. Moving back to Karachi after university was hard; I always knew it would be. But I began noticing things I had never even thought of back when I was in A’Levels. I noticed how I had to hide myself. My body was more of a burden than a blessing. Think about how that feels – being constantly aware of how you occupy space as a human and being told to hide that. It’s almost impossible. I know if I wanted to, I could walk the streets of Karachi. It isn’t safe? I don’t care. I’m not dressed appropriately? I don’t care. But the problem is that everyone else does. It is not just the male gaze that follows me, but it is also the female gaze. It is the older women watching as I move my way down the street, unforgiving and unashamed. They want me to be ashamed for going out without a dupatta – but I will not be. They want me to be ashamed for raising my voice against something I believe is wrong – but I will not be. Essentially, I’m lucky. My family is not conservative; they do not impose their beliefs upon me. But what about that little girl living in a village that isn’t allowed to go to school? What about that girl who is married off to her cousin because society will go crazy if she’s single at the age of 25? What about all the girls whose voices have been taken away from them? Where is their independence? Where is the independence for the women of our country? This morning, on my way to work, I saw a woman sitting on the sidewalk. She sat in a squat position – men stared and she stared back – she is one of the fearless few that do not need anyone’s approval to get by in life. I wish more of our women were like that. I wish they knew that their self-worth was not any less than a man’s. I wish they knew that they could be the breadwinners of their families. But they don’t. Because we hide them behind closed doors and stoves. We shove them into corners while their brothers go to school. I know that there are so many girls in our country who, when given the chance, could bring change. But we can’t find them. We don’t allow ourselves to. Pakistan’s literacy rate is at a staggering low – yes, schools are being built but the education budget is not even half of what it should be. All the money is being spent and all our girls are sitting on the floor of a classroom where their teachers do not show up because they aren’t being paid. Dear Pakistan, if you think you’re independent – just take a look around. This Independence Day, look at your sister and realise how she isn’t allowed the same rights as you. Look at your mother and notice how she picks up the dishes after dinner instead of your father. Look at your friends and note how they need you to drive them home at night because their parents are afraid of them taking the car on their own. Just acknowledge the lack of independence that we have. Raise your voice, because if you don’t, you’re going to lose all your girls. They will leave. They will go back to places where they have true independence, where their voices and ideas and opinions are valued. They will leave and never look back.


Why I teach my daughter to raise her hand

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Upon her return home from school, I asked my daughter whether or not she raises her hand in class, to which she replied, 

“Yes mom, I did,” she said. “In fact, I raise my hand all the time now, even when I am not sure if I have the right answer.”
I can’t describe how proud I am that my daughter raises her hand to speak up. Not being sure of the answer is fine by me, as long as she takes a risk and tries anyway. On the contrary, I would be a little upset if she would not engage and assert herself, instead choosing to stay silent in the background. My daughter has this positive habit because I have always encouraged her to participate. I encourage her overtly as well as subliminally, by always listening to her and by acknowledging her ideas, thoughts and feelings, rather than smothering them. I also do this because I want to teach my daughter the very important lesson that boys and girls are equal, and should thus be treated equally. It is unfortunately rather common for girls to struggle to speak up because they are afraid of having the “wrong” answer, and hence not being perfect. Or maybe they think they should stay silent because boys have already cornered the teacher’s attention, and they worry they might not be able to get it as well. In some cases, girls keep to themselves because they are anxious about their grades, their appearance or being judged. Self-doubt can seep in through subliminal and overt messages from parents, teachers, peers, popular culture, as well as the media. These are messages that communicate to them to toe the line, be respectful and always avoid the risk of failure. For me, the most common instance is when parents are likely to reward sons for accomplishments or risk-taking, while urging daughters to be careful and cautious. I deeply fault this unfortunately typical style of parenting, particularly in our eastern culture. Boys and girls are not treated equally. What do boys have that girls don’t? Parents think girls can’t play football, cricket or other types of risky sports, because they will get hurt or lose their sense of etiquette or their grace. Parents are more protective of their daughters and more permissive with their sons. Boys may be permitted to work outside the home at an earlier age than girls, thus providing them with a sense of self-reliance and independence. Girls do more housework than boys, sending the message that the home is a woman’s domain. Fathers are more encouraging to their sons about participating in competitive sports than they are to their daughters. Similarly, boys may get to use the family car more often and earlier than girls, thus granting them greater independence. This demonstrates how differentiated parental behaviour can be based on gender-specific notions. I think we need to challenge our deep-rooted cultural norms. When boys fail, they take it in stride – attributing their failure to a lack of effort – and parents tend to take it in stride as well. When girls have a similar outcome, they see themselves as sloppy, and come to believe it reflects a lack of skill. Girls are encouraged not to be loud and outspoken, but with boys, the same traits are not considered a problem. Society needs to judge girls by the same standards afforded to boys. Both boys and girls deserve similar choices and opportunities for enrichment. The reason I’m saying this is because if a girl is taught to be cautious and careful from a young age, it becomes a lifelong pattern and reinforces fear and the idea that women should be shy of certain tasks which men should feel good tackling head on. In my view, most girls are scared or shy because the adults in their lives consciously or unconsciously teach them to act a certain way, possibly out of a sense of misplaced protectiveness. Research shows girls are taught to play it safe instead of facing their fears. It demonstrates that parents are prioritising acting on their fears over facts. In other words, parents are prioritising their own psychological needs above those of their girls. I witnessed this first-hand in a recent conversation with a friend, who admitted she cautioned her daughter much more than she did her son. Encouraging fearlessness does not in any way imply encouraging reckless behaviour. An ability to judge situations fraught with risks and dangers and to navigate them intelligently is critical for both girls and boys. The fact is girls need to take calculated risks like boys, so they can build up their confidence and emotional resilience. This comes when we encourage our girls to play challenging sports, just like boys do. I strongly believe this, which is why I am doing the same with my own daughter as well. By playing competitive sports, girls learn what it’s like to compete, win, or lose, and that prepares them for the assertive, competitive world of the workplace. Many studies have shown that physical activity – sports, hiking, playing outdoors – is tied to a girl’s self-esteem. And yet girls are often warned from doing anything involving a hint of risk. Another friend of mine shared her own experience. At an early age, she was constantly told by her mother to be careful, polite and obedient. This feedback impacted her greatly later in life. This reveals that we as parents should always think before we speak, because our words, and the way we say them, impacts our kids in a positive or negative manner. We must encourage positive risk-taking behaviour so that our girls, as well as our boys, can build their confidence and make courageous choices. More importantly, girls need to learn to state their views with conviction. I’m saying this because when girls learn to take risks, they not only tend to perform better in school and overall in life, they are also more likely to stand up to negative peer pressure, verbalise their feelings to their friends and family, and solve daily life problems on their own. Most importantly, they also grow into well-rounded, assertive and confident adults. Finally, one thing we all should teach is to encourage our daughters to raise their hand more, regardless of their response being right or wrong. Nobody is telling them to be perfect; only fearless. As Sheryl Sandberg would say, by doing so, we simply help girls become women who know when to “lean in” and claim their seat at the table, which they rightfully deserve.

With Zidane back on the sidelines, will Real Madrid make the most of the summer transfer window?

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For much of the 2018-19 season, Real Madrid’s campaign has been driven by pessimism and trepidation. From mediocre performances on the field to a lack of purpose off it, the Los Blancos found themselves entrenched in a diatribe with a swathe of negative opinions from fans and critics alike.  But the return of the clubs’s favourite son Zinedine Zidane after his dignified exit nine months ago has cut through all the noise, at least for the time being. Zizou’s work is cut out for him as the rebuilding job at a club like Real Madrid, with extremely high expectations, won’t be an easy task by any stretch of the imagination. https://twitter.com/kevinchimuka/status/1113392173150502914 However, unlike towards the end of his last tenure, Zidane will have financial backing from the club. A report from The Independent claimed “Real Madrid president Florentino Perez has promised Zidane an expensive overhaul,” immediately after the Frenchman’s arrival. A few days later L’Equipe’s front page (titled Casino Royal) stated that: “Perez is ready to show faith in Zidane to turn the ship around by giving him a €500 million summer budget.” If Madrid are keen on spending heavily in the upcoming summer transfer window, they will have to do it wisely, bearing in mind their current expectations and without compromising future ambitions. Defence Real Madrid’s defence is, arguably, the least concerning aspect of their squad. Sergio Ramos and Raphael Varane might not have had the best of seasons, but they still form a formidable pairing in the centre of defence. But with Ramos aging and especially if Varane decides to leave, Madrid would need adequate replacements in order to beef up their backline options. Looking at the options, three names stand out in particular. These include Napoli’s Kalidou Koulibaly (27), Inter Milan’s Milan Skriniar (24) and Ajax’s Matthijs de Ligt (19). [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Kalidou Koulibaly during the Serie A match between US Sassuolo and SSC Napoli at Mapei Stadium - Citta' del Tricolore on March 10, 2019 in Reggio nell'Emilia, Italy. Photo: Getty[/caption] All three have no obvious weaknesses and possess the ideal skill set expected from a defender (strength, positioning and ball playing skills), supplemented by the fact that they are young enough to be part of the club for a very long time. While Madrid would be happy to bring in any one of these players, Skriniar would be cheaper as compared to the other two, considering the absence of a release clause in his contract with Inter. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Milan Skriniar of FC Internazionale competes for the ball with Danny da Costa of Eintracht Frankfurt during the UEFA Europa League Round of 16 Second Leg match between FC Internazionale and Eintracht Frankfurt at San Siro on March 14, 2019 in Milan, Italy. Photo: Getty[/caption] The 24-year-old also offers an added dimension of having played as a defensive midfielder with the Slovakian national side, and consequently can provide cover on two positions while also aiding in-game tactical switch. Midfielders Real Madrid have a substantial amount of talent in the centre of the park, with an impressive blend of young (Marcos Llorente, Fede Valverde and Dani Ceballos) and experienced players (Luka Modric, Toni Kroos and Casemiro). In order to cater to an aging Modric and take off pressure from Kroos, Madrid need a couple of additions to their midfield. However, they don’t need to spend heavily in this regard as the players they have loaned out – James Rodriguez to Bayern Munich and Mateo Kovacic to Chelsea – will be ideal suitors. Rodriguez’s incisiveness in the final third, both in open play and dead ball situations, will add creativity in central positions. This is of particular importance because a majority of Madrid’s attacks are wing-based, which is why the Colombian’s presence will stretch opposing defences and bring more unpredictability going forward. Also, through his quotes in the press, the midfielder has also indicated that there is no love lost between him and the Spanish giants, despite being left frustrated for playing time under Zidane previously. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] James Rodriguez of FC Bayern Muenchen controls the ball during the Bundesliga match between FC Bayern Muenchen and 1. FSV Mainz 05 at Allianz Arena on March 17, 2019 in Munich, Germany. Photo: Getty[/caption] Kovacic might not have had the best of seasons at Chelsea, but he can still play a vital role in The Whites midfield with his ability to play line-breaking passes; a trait which is of pivotal importance, especially against many La Liga sides who like to sit deep and defend. Also, the Croatian’s best time in Madrid colours came while playing under Zizou, which makes a strong case of having him back in the Spanish capital. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Mateo Kovacic of Chelsea in action during the FA Cup Fifth Round match between Chelsea and Manchester United at Stamford Bridge on February 18, 2019 in London, United Kingdom. Photo: Getty[/caption] Forwards Ever since the departure of club legend Cristiano Ronaldo, the talk surrounding Real Madrid’s attacking pedigree has shown no signs of subsiding. Since the departure of the Portuguese, the goals have significantly dried up for the Los Blancos and hence the need for some clinical finishers in front of the goal is, probably, more than ever. Talking about forwards, one player that has constantly been linked with Real Madrid is Chelsea’s Eden Hazard. Although there is no doubt about the Belgium international’s footballing prowess and he will also be a seamless fit at Real, signing him now, at the age of 28, would mean the club shelling a lot of money in return for only two to three peak years. While it would be unfair to totally rule out a move, the club should only consider Hazard as a fall-back option. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] 31st March 2019, Cardiff City Stadium, Cardiff, Wales; EPL Premier League football, Cardiff City versus Chelsea; Eden Hazard of Chelsea looks back at a missed chance. Photo: Getty[/caption] Moving on, Paris Saint-Germain’s (PSG) Kylian Mbappe, despite being an ideal solution to Real Madrid’s goal scoring troubles, is a long shot considering his massive price tag. Although there are plenty of rumours in the transfer market regarding his move to Spain, the French club will go all out to keep the 20-year-old star at the club, keeping in mind the fact that he is at the core of their European ambitions. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Kylian Mbappe of PSG celebrates a goal during the Ligue 1 match between Paris Saint Germain and Guingamp at Parc des Princes on January 19, 2019 in Paris, France. Photo: Getty[/caption] Taking into account all the factors and realistic options available on the market, Real Madrid will be better off if they work on the lines of signing Liverpool’s Sadio Mane and Inter Milan’s Mauro Icardi. Mane’s pace and technical ability has been part and parcel of Liverpool’s success in the past couple of seasons, and he will add a lot of potency to Real Madrid’s attack. Although he has played mostly as a winger for The Reds, if need be, he can play in a more central role as a striker as well. In Mane, Madrid will find a willing worker, who can track back and help out with defence and also link up well with Marcelo Vieira on the left wing. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Sadio Mane of Liverpool FC runs with the ball during the Premier League match between Liverpool FC and Tottenham Hotspur at Anfield on March 31, 2019 in Liverpool, United Kingdom. Photo: Getty[/caption] On the other hand, Icardi has stacked up some great numbers for his Italian club with his lethal finishing. He may not participate much in build-up play but his positioning and movement in front of the goal is particularly impressive. Real Madrid have been guilty of creating lots of chances but not converting them during the ongoing season, but Icardi’s signing should go a long way in changing that. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Mauro Icardi of FC Internazionale scores the second goal during the Serie A match betweenGenoa CFC and FC Internazionale at Stadio Luigi Ferraris on April 3, 2019 in Genoa, Italy. Photo: Getty[/caption] To Madrid and Zidane’s advantage, being knocked out of the title race on all fronts is somewhat a blessing in disguise, as it gives them additional time to plan for the future. But the 13-time European Champions will have to be clever with the way they go about their business in the transfer market, before it builds up more scar tissue against their name as a formidable force in the world of football.

Why is the US making a mountain out of the Masood Azhar molehill?

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The United States has introduced a United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolution to blacklist Masood Azhar as an international terrorist. Azhar is the leader of Jaish-e-Mohammed (banned in Pakistan since 2002) and has been blamed by India for masterminding February’s Pulwama incident, even though no evidence has been produced which links Azhar to the incident. China has refused to list Azhar as an international terrorist after careful consideration of the definition of international terrorism according to international law. China has made this position absolutely clear and as such, it would appear that the US is looking to transform the UNSC into a place of high stakes geopolitical theatre, because China’s veto of the US resolution is inevitable. The US therefore is using the internationally immaterial issue of Azhar in order to provoke tensions between China and India at a time when the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is already invoking blood-curdling Sinophobia in further attempts to rally the jingoist Hindutva vote. But this is not all that the US is doing. Washington is also provoking and in fact insulting Pakistan by suggesting that a local matter is worthy of wasting the UN’s time, even after one of the permanent members of the Security Council has made its position unambiguous. As if on cue, India’s jingoistic media kicked into high gear suggesting war against China. Meanwhile, members of the BJP and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) continue to call for a boycotting of Chinese goods. When it comes to Pakistan however, America’s willingness to inflate the international importance of Azhar makes it clear that the US is willing to risk productive relations with Pakistan in order to both placate India and to goad India into an even more extreme position vis-a-vis China (not that the BJP needs much help in this respect). Although the US has admitted that Pakistan’s role in the Afghan peace process is crucial, beyond this, the US has clearly made its decision in terms of a long term strategy in South Asia. While some US diplomats will feign attempts at a balanced South Asia policy, the reality is that India is now a key US strategic partner. US diplomats at the UN will happily do India’s bidding, even over a matter as absurd as trying to convince the world that Azhar is an international terrorist when legal precedent says otherwise. Pakistan must adjust its own expectations accordingly. While it would be imprudent for Pakistan to provoke any superpower, the message that Washington is not so subtly sending is that when it comes to a superpower partner, China is the singular key to Pakistan’s prosperous future, while the US is becoming little more than a puppet master helping direct flagrant Indian aggression against China. This is all the more reason for Pakistan to take a more assertive role in the Afghan peace process. As the country most directly affected by Afghanistan’s prolonged status as a failed state, Pakistan has no excuse not to emerge as an international leader in driving forward an all-parties peace process. Any idea that Pakistan should merely shadow the US in respect of the peace process should now be put to rest, as it is clear that the US has India’s strategic desires at heart and that, by comparison, Pakistan’s security needs come a very distant second or even third. The reality Pakistan must now face is that whilst America’s priorities in the South Asia during the 80’s related to containing Afghanistan to the West and the Soviet Union to the North, today the US is squarely focused on provoking China and for this, India will remain a key ally of Washington. All that Pakistan must now do is acclimate itself to a new reality where China’s all-weather friendship will grow in stature and material importance while the US will be willing to insult, debase and ignore Pakistan as though the events of the 80’s never occurred. This post was originally published here. 

Knock knock! Annabelle is coming home and things are about to get real scary

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Following the Marvel path, The Conjuring universe has grown steadily over the last six years through both, the increasing returns that most films in the franchise have delivered and in stature through the critical acclaim that the first two Conjuring movies received. Now five movies in, the franchise is showing no signs of slowing down with a third Conjuring film already set for 2020. But before that, we’re getting another Annabelle movie. And this one promises to be much different than its predecessors. [caption id="attachment_81026" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] Annabelle Comes Home, which will serve as the sixth film in the Conjuring franchise and the third Annabelle film, does not take the prequel route like Annabelle: Creation did. Unlike the first Annabelle, which was widely panned for being a rudderless and aimless production, this film shifts the focus directly towards the Warren family – the paranormal investigators played by Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga who served as the protagonists of the first two Conjuring films. [caption id="attachment_81027" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] The first trailer, which came out recently, sprinkles a handful of jump-scares throughout its two and a half minute runtime and the film more or less appears to centre on an artefact room where the Warrens keep the demonic doll. However, soon enough the doll begins turning up in strange places and much to the surprise of the Warrens, so do the other artefacts. The weight of this is felt by the Warren’s 10-year-old daughter, Judy, and her friends who seem to be at the centre of the latest Conjuring film. [caption id="attachment_81024" align="alignnone" width="598"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] By all accounts, Annabelle Comes Home seems like a much more small-scale film as compared to its predecessors which were much more expansive in scope. And though the Warrens are back, they don’t seem to have a central role in the film in the same way as their daughter does. This is promising because it means that perhaps this time the focus will be on a tightly-constructed narrative, which is where horror films work best. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Screenshot[/caption] As evidenced by the trailer, it’s perhaps also safe to assume that this film won’t just be about the titular doll but will also focus on some of the other haunted artefacts in the Warren family’s possession which, if anything, may provide the producers with a few more ideas for some future spin-offs. In the context of this film though, it will undoubtedly add to the scares. This is something that producer James Wan has confirmed when he essentially described the film as being Night at the Museum with an evil doll because of the various haunted artefacts that will be activated in the film. [caption id="attachment_81031" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: IMDb[/caption] The good thing is that Annabelle Comes Home seems to channel all the elements that have made the Conjuring franchise such a big success, which provides the viewer with something to look forward to. After straying away from the central narrative and focusing on aimless origin stories, the franchise seems to have finally learned its lesson. With Annabelle Comes Home, the focus seems to have been shifted back towards the scares and, in a blatant but smart bit of fan-service, the filmmakers have brought back two of the franchise’s most beloved characters, even if it’s in a supporting capacity. That said, only time will tell if the latest installment in the Annabelle saga matches up to the Conjuring movies, which at present, stand head and shoulders above the other films in the franchise. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Photo: Screenshot[/caption] Annabelle Comes Home hits cinemas on June 28, 2019.

India’s ‘Operation Isolation’ and the soft power of sports

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“Our message is stronger than ever. Please stop the fighting. Please stop the killing. Please drop your guns.” Juan Antonio Samaranch, President International Olympic Committee speaking at the Winter Olympics, 1994. The sports arena has often been used in modern-day diplomacy to advocate for peace, but it has also been used to aggravate existing conflict. George Orwell wrote in The Sporting Spirit (1945) that sports is “war, minus the shooting” and has the potential to bring out the worst characteristics of nationalism. How that is controlled, or even amplified, is in the hands of those who hold the political controls.  In the days following the Pulwama incident, tensions once again began to escalate between Pakistan and India. While India’s very first reaction was the imposition of a heavy economic sanction, many of the responses which followed came in the form of sports sanctions, primarily impacting something very close to the hearts of people on both sides: cricket. The fourth edition of the Pakistan Super League (PSL) became the primary target of the increasing hostility and vitriol. Prominent Indian-owned media companies and broadcasters, including IMG Reliance, D Sports and CricBuzz, terminated their contracts and coverage of the tournament, leading to a virtual PSL blackout in India. The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) also came under extraordinary pressure from prominent Indian sporting personalities, media outlets and ordinary citizens, to boycott the upcoming Pakistan-India match at the cricket World Cup (June 2019). https://twitter.com/YusufDFI/status/1097384109200928768 https://twitter.com/MinhazMerchant/status/1099007211689467906 Outside of cricket, other sports have also been effected. It is suggested that Pakistan supplies 90% of the hockey sticks used in India, and would suffer heavily from an increase in customs duty of 200%. As a result, the hockey fraternity in India would have to quickly find new suppliers who could match the demand, as well as replicate the quality from across the border. The Shooting World Cup, which was taking place in New Delhi a week after the attack and was intended to be an Olympic qualifier, also got dragged into the conflict when Pakistani athletes were not granted visas to participate in the tournament. Further economic sanctions would come later, followed by military responses, but it appears that the use of sports sanctions was going to kick start this ‘Operation Isolation’. However, these sanctions did not prove to be effective in isolating Pakistan on the sports field. We saw the PSL replace its distributors almost immediately and have yet another successful edition. Regarding the World Cup, wide coverage of the discussions between the BCCI and the International Cricket Council (ICC) were made public, including copies of the communication between the two bodies. It is clear that the ICC and the organising team of the World Cup do not condone any political battles being played out on the cricket pitch. https://twitter.com/TimesNow/status/1098065107693625344 Perhaps the most surprising stance came from the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in response to Pakistan’s plea regarding the Shooting World Cup. Not only did the IOC revoke the tournament of its Olympic qualification status for the particular discipline, they further went onto suspend all discussions with the Indian government regarding hosting future sporting events in India. The IOC also recommended that all international federations should refrain from hosting any international sporting events in India until written guarantees are provided assuring participation of all athletes. This may prove to be a landmark ruling from the Olympic governing body, which has traditionally not taken such a publicly strong stance on political matters. This is especially true as the initial plea was only to do with the shooting event. However, India is no doubt going to work to revoke this suspension as quickly as possible, even if it means salvaging its ties with Pakistan. Failure to do so could mean that a number of its hosting rights and bids would be up on the chopping block, including the FIFA Under-20 Women’s World Cup (2020), the Hockey World Cup (2022/2023) and ICC Cricket World Cup (2023), among others. https://twitter.com/mehreenzahra/status/1098830460862558208?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1098830460862558208&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fblogsdesk.tribune.com.pk%2Fapplication%2Fwp-admin%2Fpost.php%3Fpost%3D80906%26action%3Dedit This of course is not the first time tensions have escalated between the two neighbours, nor is it the first time that the field of play is used for sanctions to be deployed and political statements to be made. India-Pakistan cricket relations have been turbulent ever since they kicked off in 1952. There have been many positive outcomes where both countries have hosted each other on multiple occasions and opened up their borders for citizens to travel in support of their teams. At the same time, boycotts from governing bodies and protests from ordinary citizens have also had the opposite impact on cricket and other sporting ties between the two nations. The Indian cricket tour to Pakistan (2004) is considered as one of the four most prominent acts of sports diplomacy, with the ‘Christmas Truce’ of World War I (1914), where German and British soldiers were said to have held informal sessions of casual football on Christmas day, being number one. Even outside of the subcontinent, sports have always been a feature of international diplomacy, albeit a more subtle one. We have seen countless protests and boycotts when it comes to international sports, such as the Black Power Salute (at the 1968 Olympics), America’s boycott of the 1980 Olympics during the Cold War,  the Soviet Union’s boycott of the 1984 Olympics, and the international sporting boycott of Apartheid South Africa. However, it would not have been difficult to foresee the potential for sports to have these impacts when the Olympic movement was first initiated. After all, it was developed on the sole idea of using sports to encourage and improve peace among the warring kingdoms in Ancient Greece. The way international sports are conducted and covered today, indicates their potential and ability to bridge gaps between nations. With massive potential to be used as a catalyst in international diplomacy and break barriers, the power of sports can only be as strong as the will and commitment of our global leaders. In an era where hard power is frowned upon by the international community, governments are increasingly inclined to use alternative modes of diplomacy, sports included, to achieve their political goals and shape their international image. If we, the people, can understand the relationship between the two, then we can also influence its impact. This isn’t the first time sports have been used to convey and act upon undertones of conflict and hate, and it unfortunately won’t be the last. For now, we can be aware of how these actions relating to the field of play can be used to condition or influence certain emotions within us, and also pray that our leaders use the pitches and courts to help us come together, rather than to push us apart.

When khudkushi became her only freedom

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The sky was a pool of black ink, dusted with stars at midnight. Arsh looked out from the window — she saw many little streets sprawled out below. She had only known these streets from inside the walls of her room. She had never walked on them. She had never been under the open sky. She looked at these streets longingly. To her, these streets and everything else of the outside world was a distant dream. Arsh was thinking about him. He came again tonight. Her caramel skin flushed bright pink as he folded her into his arms. Her heart fluttered as his fingertips grazed her bare skin. She had never felt so close to a man before. Over the years, many men held her, touched her, felt her — but he was different from all the others. She fell in love with him. She waited for him each night. She longed for him, as any lover would. On the nights he didn’t come, she was restless. She waited for him till she saw him next, till he told her how beautiful she was. As she stood by the window and watched darkness engulf the sky, she decided she’d tell him what she felt for him. Maybe he’d take her away somewhere far. Maybe he’d relieve her of this life. Overhead, a star blinked in the dark sky, as if telling her it was time. The morning sun filled the brothel. It was bright inside. Arsh slipped into plain white clothes and went downstairs. The morning is always bright. It’s the night that’s dark. It’s always the night that’s dark.  “Arsh!” Farnaz called, with a cigarette clenched in the corner of her mouth. “You look happy! I’ve never seen a bigger smile on your face.” “I’m going away,” Arsh said in low voice, so that nobody else could hear. Farnaz laughed. But then her eyes were suddenly wide with concern, and her skin shone pale under the gleam of sunlight. “You know you can’t go away,” Farnaz said quietly. Arsh smiled in reply and bustled away. The rest of the day, she was tangled in her thoughts. She didn’t even know his name but she knew he was the one who’d save her. The world glittered with promise. “Take me away!” Arsh whispered into his ear. There was a steely glint in his eyes. “Please take me away!” Arsh’s voice crackled at the edges. He slapped her so hard her teeth rattled. “You’re a whore,” he spat. Arsh swallowed everything else that she had to say. The words dried up in her throat. It was near dawn but Arsh was wide awake. She looked into the mirror, her dark eyes sunken in an ashen face, stared back at her. Her lips were stained in a dark, blood-like red. Her hair, black and velvety like the sky at midnight, carelessly tumbled down her back. Her angarkha, heavily embroidered in gold and silver threads, danced around her when she moved. 'A whore,' she thought. She felt sparks of resentment cascading in her as she looked at herself. She felt angry. But then her anger melted and she started crying. And as a tear caught in her lip, she realised her lipstick was smudged at the corners. His words filled her head. They were sharp, piercing—they cut through her like knives. Even after he left, the word ‘whore’ twisted inside her. It crushed her. It tinted her entire existence. It was a small word but it encompassed a bitter world — a whore’s world. Arsh had endured years of abuse. There were different men in her bed each night. They treated her like an object. They used her and then discarded her. She was perceived as an unthinking, unfeeling being. Her existence only sparkled in the dark hours of the night. They forgot she was human too. She looked at the faded sky from the window. She spread out her hand towards the sky, trying to reach for it. It was close but far away. Maybe just like the man who she thought would save her. Khudkushi (suicide). The word echoed against the big, bare walls of the brothel. Its weight settled on all women who lived inside. It grew heavier and heavier, thicker and thicker, folding them in, needling them all over. It hung in the air, sharp and poisonous. 'Khudkushi,' they murmured in small voices, afraid not to say it out too loud. They didn’t want anyone else to hear. A silence spread in the brothel, full of fear and anticipation. It was suddenly dark inside, and empty despite the people. Outside, the day shifted from morning to night. And the air smelled of earth and ash and rain. And faintly of death. Arsh took away her life. She cut her wrists and bled to death. For her, death wasn’t just an end—it held meaning. It meant freedom. It meant floating somewhere far, untethered. It meant relief from a corseted existence. Khudkushi became Arsh’s freedom. She finally fled from a life she did not want to live.

Iran and Iraq may not be tourist hot spots, but they offer a spiritual journey like no place else

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I was recently invited to a trip to Iran and Iraq by a group of close friends from Lahore, and as I had never been to these states before, I decided to take the opportunity to visit the shrines frequented mostly by Shia pilgrims. After all, how else was I going to be able to travel through war-torn Iraq (where the Islamic State has only recently been defeated) and gain access to the heavily sanctioned country of Iran? Mesopotamia – the cradle of civilisation and home to many Imams of the Islamic world – has been off-limits to most ordinary tourists since the days of Saddam Hussein. We took off from Lahore and a few hours later found ourselves landing in Baghdad, the famed city of The Arabian Nights. The airport was small and run-down, and we had to wait for at least two to three hours for our group visa to be cleared. We waited patiently and entered Baghdad at dusk; there were palm trees galore and the roads were smooth enough. Our excitement was mounting as we headed straight for the illuminating shrine of Ghous Pak (Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilani). We paid our respects at the beautifully lit white shrine, ate the delicious langar (communal meal) of rice and chicken (provided by a Pakistani family from Faisalabad) and then headed to our hotel. We felt more than welcomed to a city founded on the west bank of the Tigris in 762AD by the Abbasid dynasty. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] The beautifully illuminated shrine of Ghous Pak[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="450"] The door to his shrine[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="419"] His final resting place[/caption] We stayed at Hotel Palestine, which is located near the ancient Tigris River, with a colourful history of its own; it was a favourite among foreign journalists during the Gulf wars and had been shelled! [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] View of the Tigris River from Hotel Palestine[/caption] There are roadblocks all over Iraq and paramilitary forces with armoured vehicles can be seen on all major roundabouts. The receptionist at our hotel smiled and clapped joyfully when she discovered we were Pakistani and gave us comfortable rooms (our recent military standoff seems to have made them happy). Baghdad looks like it is stuck in an 80's time warp – the buildings all seem to be from that era. However, most of the debris from the bombed-out infrastructure has been removed. We found it to be a bustling city with crowded restaurants and bad traffic jams. We crossed the Tigris River many times, the last one being to visit the shrine of Persian mystic Mansur al Hallaj. He is known for his saying, “I am the Truth”, which many saw as a claim to divinity resulting in his execution, while others saw it as an instance of annihilation of the ego. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="450"] The tomb of the Persian mystic[/caption] We also visited the burial place of Abu Hanifa, the founder of the Hanafi school of Sunni jurisprudence. However, the highlight of our Baghdad stay was the visit to the north of the city to Kazmain, where Imams Musa al Kazim (AS) and Muhammad al Jawad (AS), both direct descendants of the Prophet (PBUH), are buried. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Outside the Ziyarat of the Kazmain Imams in Baghdad[/caption] This is a world famous shrine and one of the most important mosques in the Islamic world, with a huge gilded dome and four minarets rising above its courtyard, all covered with gold, Kufic inscriptions. There are canopied balconies, mirror mosaics, glazed tiles, and endless floors of marble. The final resting places of all the Imams buried in Iraq, we were to discover, were equally awe-inspiring. The shrine was very crowded during our visit and there was a long walk to it as it has been bombed in the past, which is why the nearby streets had been cordoned off. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Armoured vehicles and soldiers guarding shrines are a common sight in Baghdad[/caption] The other highlight of our Baghdad visit was to the 2,000-year-old Persian monument Taq Kasra, or Arch of Ctesiphon, the world’s largest brick vault. Somehow it has survived all the recent wars and is truly a sight to see, given its immense scale and elegance. Taq Kasra is located near the shrine of Salman al Farsi (RA), a companion of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the first Persian to convert to Islam. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="450"] Taq Kasra[/caption] On our last day in Baghdad, we headed to the ancient town of Samarra to visit the 10th and 11th Imams, Ali al Hadi (AS) and his son Hasan al Askari (AS). Both are buried in a heavily-guarded shrine, which has been bombed twice in recent years and had to be rebuilt. Adjacent to the mosque is another domed building built over the cistern where the 12th Imam, Muhammad al Mahdi (AS), disappeared; hence the title of the Mahdi, the Hidden Imam. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] The last place Imam Mahdi was seen[/caption] We were sorry to leave Baghdad – there was much to see and such little time – but we had to move on to Karbala, where rain greeted us. Powerful energy emanates from this city, the burial place of Imam Hussain (RA), the grandson of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), near the place where he was martyred during the Battle of Karbala in 680AD. Within the shrine of Imam Hussain (RA), we found the mass grave of all 72 martyrs of Karbala who fought and died alongside him, despite the heavy odds they faced. We soon joined the thousands of people jostling to enter the Ziyarat. Opposite is the shrine of his brother, Hazrat Abbas (AS), who was also martyred during the Battle of Karbala by Yazid’s men while bringing some water from the Euphrates River for the Prophet’s (PBUH) family. There is a lovely walkway lined with palm trees between the two shrines, and we often went there to sit and pray as our hotel was nearby. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] Hazrat Abbas (AS) shrine glistening as the sun sets in Karbala with the walkway in front[/caption] Our next stop was Najaf, and luckily our hotel was located right next to my favourite Ziyarat: Imam Ali’s (RA) resplendent shrine. He is considered the father of Sufism, as almost all Sufi orders claim their descent from him. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="450"] Imam Ali's (RA) shrine in Najaf[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="450"] The entrance to the shrine[/caption] After visiting his peaceful shrine, we went to Kufa to see the great mosque, one of the oldest in the world, where Hazrat Ali (RA) was struck by a poisoned sword and passed away after two days. We visited his simple but elegant house next to the mosque (thankfully preserved by the Iraqi government) where his body was washed before being buried in secret. Imam Ali (RA) had earlier dug a well in his house and even today one can drink its healing waters. [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] The Great Mosque of Kufa[/caption] [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] The house in Kufa has been preserved by the Iraqi government[/caption] Our final stop was the city of Mashad in Iran, home of the eighth Imam, Hazrat Ali Reza (AS), whose shrine is really the heart of the city – all roads lead to his Ziyarat! We took a short flight from Najaf to Mashad, which is the second most populous city in Iran. Mashad means the place of martyrdom; Imam Reza (AS) was poisoned by Caliph al Ma’mun. A fact I learned during my journey is that none of the Imams lived to an old age – all were poisoned or assassinated. Imam Reza’s (AS) ornate shrine is enormous, with its many courtyards and mosques, and is considered the Vatican of Iran, run in an efficient and orderly manner. It is also gorgeous, with its Persian carpets and crystal chandeliers galore. We were lucky enough to eat from the shrine’s famous langar and enjoyed the Imam’s hospitality! [caption id="" align="alignnone" width="600"] The underground crypt where people can pray and meditate[/caption] Mashad is a clean, modern city, and feels like it could be anywhere in Europe, except all the women wear long black chadors. Before we knew it, our visit was over, and tired but rejuvenated we found ourselves on the plane back to Lahore. There were so many memories to treasure and so many adventures to retell. Iraq is slowly recovering from war and getting back on its feet, and I would recommend everyone to go visit this fascinating country alongside Iran, regardless of your religious beliefs. As we were told wherever we went, “Ziyarat qubool.” (May your pilgrimage be accepted) (All photos by author)

Rawalpindi: A chaotic labyrinth, caught between heritage and heresy

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In the post-modern world, the topography of the city has undergone a drastic shift. Rapid urbanisation and growing job opportunities have resulted in many cities in the developing world being swamped by an increasing number of people coming in from the villages and suburbs. In order to accommodate this burgeoning populace, the intrinsic structure of the modern metropolis has had to evolve. Countries such as India and Pakistan have had to grapple with the dual ambitions of wanting to urbanise their cities while also wanting to hold onto their rich architectural heritage. The complex history of a multi-ethnic country such as Pakistan has been razed to the ground in order to erect soulless towers to replace the colonial monuments which have served as a reminder of our turbulent past. [caption id="attachment_81733" align="alignnone" width="600"] Heritage building encroached on by local traders at Jamia masjid road.[/caption] Rawalpindi is an example of a city wrestling with these two seemingly dichotomous aims. On the outskirts of the Rehmanabad Metro station lie some old houses with large verandas and an edifice which is almost reminiscent of the homes in Downtown Abbey. Erected in the early 1960’s, they adorned the city with their marvellous porticos and the locality came to be known as Satellite Town. During the time that Islamabad was being built as the nation’s new capital, Satellite Town functioned as a diplomatic enclave of sorts, with many embassies located there. The Victorian-style houses were thus built to accommodate foreign dignitaries residing in the city. [caption id="attachment_81748" align="alignnone" width="600"] A night view of Jamia Masjid Rawalpindi which was founded in 1905.[/caption] Over the years, however, as Islamabad became the diplomatic hub, Satellite Town found itself shrinking in importance, and the neighbourhood was consumed by a city which was expanding at an unprecedented rate. The old houses of the locality now stand like ghostly relics of the past. [caption id="attachment_81678" align="alignnone" width="452"] Chan bazaar, Rawalpindi.[/caption] [caption id="attachment_81734" align="alignnone" width="450"] A view of Raja Bazaar road.[/caption] In a house on Sadiqabad road lives an old engineer who has closed the gates of his house, along with his heart, to the outside world. The resident is Afzaal Ahmad, a man who comes from a distinguished family of army personnel. While looking at his old photographs, Ahmad recounts: “The Rawalpindi I was raised in was a marvel, an image straight from the British calendars. Smooth clean roads, small markets, coffee shops along with a nice book shop (London Books company), low traffic and an orderly crowd.” [caption id="attachment_81736" align="alignnone" width="600"] The main entrance of the Afzaal Ahmad's house.[/caption] [caption id="attachment_81737" align="alignnone" width="600"] Old magazine ads from the collection of Afzaal Ahmad.[/caption] [caption id="attachment_81745" align="alignnone" width="600"] Rawalpindi's Kashmir Road in the 1960's. From the records of Afzaal Ahmad.[/caption] The markets at the time were quite small and there was only one major road in Saddar at the time, Mall Road, which catered to everyone's needs. Ahmad recalls that the famous road had a hairdresser, a laundry shop and few clothing outlets as well. He adds: “I remember most of my classmates in Station school were British or Anglo-Indians. Anglo-Indians were considered to be the most educated after the British. I still remember this one Anglo-Indian traffic sergeant who used to roam around alone on Murree road. People were so afraid of his discipline that they wouldn’t cross the road until he had gone away.” [caption id="attachment_81738" align="alignnone" width="600"] Backyard of the house.[/caption] [caption id="attachment_81743" align="alignnone" width="600"] An old building occupied by partition migrants in Saddar.[/caption] For Ahmad’s generation, and the ones which followed, things took a downward turn after Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto came to power. Fearing the consequences of nationalisation and increasing religiosity, many foreigners fled the country. The Anglo-Indians too fell prey to this and many migrated to America and Australia. The resultant vacuum gave rise to a new emerging class of locals who had a different mentality. They were hungry to tear down the old to make way for the new. [caption id="attachment_81744" align="alignnone" width="338"] An old temple in miserable condition in Moti Bazaar.[/caption] [caption id="attachment_81749" align="alignnone" width="475"] A name plate outside a house in Dhakki mohallah, Angat Pura.[/caption] Rawalpindi as a city has always had a storied history. Punjab has been ruled by Graeco-Bactrian Kings and later by the Sakas, Iranian nomads, and in 1765 Sardar Gujjar Singh controlled the area which is now called Rawalpindi. The city remained under Sikh rule till 1849 when it was taken over by the British. Hence, this land has had many identities, and one can find linkages to an extraordinary past through the city’s buildings and districts. [caption id="attachment_81679" align="alignnone" width="600"] A view of Moti bazaar, Rawalpindi.[/caption] Despite the removal of the Sikh Raj, the Sikh community remained an integral part of the cultural fabric of Rawalpindi till 1947. Their remnants are still visible in Kartarpura, Angatpura, Arjun Nagar, Mukha Singh state, Old Banni and adjoining areas. The city was predominantly influenced by Rai Bahadur Sujan Singh whose haveli (house) still stands in the old Bhabra Bazaar. Rawalpindi at one point in time was a jewel, a unique blend of both old and new architecture. Over the years, people that have been allotted these vacant properties have damaged them due to sheer negligence, and today these buildings are but a shadowy reflection of their former glory. [caption id="attachment_81739" align="alignnone" width="600"] An old pre-partition haveli in Saidpuri gate trying to save its colors from the wrath of the modern age.[/caption] [caption id="attachment_81741" align="alignnone" width="600"] A colonial style balcony on College Road, where famous Indian actor Balraj Sahini grew up.[/caption] Rawalpindi today is a chaotic labyrinth. Building laws and municipal regulations are virtually non-existent. Politicians and profit-driven land owners have given local municipal authorities the approval to demolish heritage buildings and sites. Commercialisation has trumped heritage. Heretics have squashed history. Rawalpindi still has the potential to become the epicentre of regional heritage, but only if preservation work is begun immediately. Today, the view from the metro bus offers a gloomy look at a frenzied skyline onto a city which does not know what it wants to be because it has forgotten what it once was. (All photos by author)

Raw and poignant, A Place for Us beautifully sheds light on familial love

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It had been some time since I cried while reading a book. And A Place for Us changed that. Fatima Farheen Mirza’s dazzling debut novel tells the story of a South Asian Muslim family living in America. The family members find themselves torn between discovering their individual selves, while also grappling with their respective roles within the family. As a result of living in a deeply polarised American society, the characters in the novel are in a constant battle with themselves, their family and the world around them, each looking to find relevance, liberty and peace. Interestingly, one of the main talking points with regards to this book has been Sarah Jessica Parker's involvement in its publication. The Sexy and the City star chose Mirza’s novel as the first book to be published under the Parker imprint for Hogarth publications. A Place for Us begins at the wedding celebrations for the family’s eldest daughter, Hadia, in California. The occasion, however, is made all the more special due to the youngest child and only son, Amar, coming back home after having fled three years ago. The story thus revolves around the circumstances which led to Amar’s estrangement from the family and the narrative is interspersed with memories from the parents, Rafiq and Layla, and their children, Hadia, Huda and Amar. What I found particularly inventive about the narrative was how the story unfolds through the point of view of a host of different characters, with the same memory often being shown through different perspectives. We are thus able to see how the same moment impacted each member of the family in a wholly unique manner. Mirza beautifully brings to light the nature of familial love, which can be limitless and unwavering, but also envious and petty. The depiction often seems like that of a typical diaspora family, with parents trying desperately to instil both Muslim and South Asian values in their children and encouraging them to speak their native language at home. The author explores the subtle dynamics of the household, from the siblings safeguarding each other’s secrets, to the family following Islamic rituals and customs like fasting in the month of Ramazan and observing Muharram. But that’s just the feel-good part of the book. What is heart-wrenching, poignant, and particularly relevant for our part of the world is how Mirza explores the pressure parents tend to put on their children. South Asian parents often have their own expectations from their children, insisting that they must be obedient, unquestioning Muslims and top performing students who go on to become either doctors, engineers, lawyers or entrepreneurs. The novel attempts to illuminate how pitting children against one another, failing to acknowledge past mistakes and the inability to express love can tear a family apart. Hence, when Amar leaves, a part of Rafiq and Layla’s souls also leaves. But by then it’s too late to mend their broken ways. Perhaps the saddest thing in the world is to see your child leave you because of your own mistakes. Not feeling at home with your own family is a tragedy, one which Mirza renders beautifully on the page. And so, I cried when the family was torn apart because of secrets, betrayals, and the smallest of estrangements which could no longer be brushed under the carpet. The last section of the book, told from Rafiq’s perspective, is absolutely devastating. The feelings of an emotionally-reserved father, who falls prey to his own shortcomings, are expressed in a remarkably raw and affecting manner, which is quite an achievement for a debutant writer. Mirza has done a truly commendable job at penning down the story of a family over decades, and it is no surprise that her novel has received great critical acclaim. The recurrent themes of children trying to find their own identity and parents trying to protect and understand their children resonate at a deep level. After this stellar debut, one hopes that Mirza is able to pack the same amount of authenticity into her next novel, one which I am eagerly awaiting.

Sea Prayer by Khaled Hosseini: A father’s lament of the barbarity we call human beings

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“My dear Marwan, I look at your profile, In the glow of this three-quarter moon, my boy, Your eyelashes like calligraphy, Closed in guileless sleep. I said to you, ‘Hold my hand. Nothing bad will happen’.” These are a few verses from the context of Sea Prayer, the fourth book by Khaled Hosseini. Hosseini is a well-known author of three books, including the international bestseller The Kite Runner, and is the Goodwill Ambassador to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). Sea Prayer is a 40-page book, or rather, a free verse poem beautifully complemented by Dan Williams’ illustrations. It can best be described as a small prayer to the sea by a helpless father on a moonlit beach, who is going to cross the Mediterranean with his child as soon as dawn arises but in less than ideal circumstances. The story begins with the remembrance of the happy days spent by the father in Homs, Syria when the city was at peace, with its bustling and crowded lanes and streets. Of a time when the stirring of the olive trees and clanking of pots used to awaken him, and when this city of western Syria was not dismantled by bombs, starvation and death. The father wishes for his son to remember some of the more pleasant memories of Homs. The story has been inspired by the three-year-old Syrian boy Aylan Kurdi, whose body washed up by the sea on the shore of Mediterranean Sea in 2015 as he fled the Syrian War. While talking in an interview, Hosseini became teary-eyed even as he remembered seeing the photograph of Kurdi. “I was gutted,” he says. “I tried to imagine, as a father, what it must be like to see viral photographs of your deceased three-year-old lying face down on the sand at the water’s edge and being lifted into the arms of a stranger.” He also stated, “I hope that this book Sea Prayer is a small tribute not only to his (Kurdi’s) family, but also, on a broader level, I hope it highlights the unthinkable despair that thousands of other ordinary people face every day to abandon home and community and take a chance on this brutal and often lethal journey across the sea.” Hosseini thus pays tribute to Kurdi’s family through his Sea Prayer, while portraying the tragic and wretched condition of millions of refugees all over the world with help of Williams’ illustrations. The beautiful memories of Homs are like a dream now, not only for the son but also for the father. Protests followed by the atmosphere of fear and beleaguerment, the black skies showering bombs and bullets instead of rain, and the sight of living bodies buried under devastated buildings is all that remains in their memories of Homs. In Sea Prayer, Hosseini not only points out the way in which the war imposed by mighty powers upon Syria has destroyed the childhood of millions of innocent kids, but also highlights the emergency and the growing crisis of refugees being forced to leave their homes and approach smugglers in search of safe shelters which are in actuality not safe at all. A heartrending letter from a father to his son provokes in us the thought of the thousands of refugees who risk their lives on the threshold of death every year just in search of shelter, while many of them simply perish at sea without leaving anything behind. Every night they sleep among the remains of human flesh burnt by explosive bombs, with their own bodies stained by blood, dreaming of a better future – a hope for a safe shelter, a desire for a home. Carrying their misfortunes, they are longing for acceptance and searching for a place where they are welcomed. But no one cares. Not even the sea. The sea is deep. It is vast. A large swarm of unwelcomed and unasked bodies of flesh are waiting impatiently at the cold beach for the sun to rise. The father sees his son, his only precious cargo, and tries to console his sleeping being with his words, while praying that the sea knows his worth. It kills him every time he thinks of the depth and vastness of the sea and the helplessness of his own self. At this instant, the mother’s voice comes up: “Oh but if they saw, my darling. Even half of what you have. If they only saw. They would say kinder things, surely.” The book will make tears fall out of your eyes silently as the deep ocean engulfs the bodies of thousands of refugees fleeing war and persecution. Some pages are without any words, and here the illustrations speak more powerfully than words ever could. Quietly, they will make your heart wail in silence due to the barbarity of what we call human beings. Humans, the greatest creation ever to be created, that cannot even feel the pain of its fellow beings. Every word, every illustration in this book will leave a deep mark on your heart. The demonstration of the transformation of a peaceful, crowded and bustling Homs into the city of death; no one could have written this better than Hosseini. No words could carve out such an impression on a heart other than his own. This book deserved to be written purely, with a heart that could feel the pain and emotions of thousands of homeless Syrians, Afghans, Somalis and Iraqis. Then who would be better than Hosseini to write it? After all, no one could feel the pain of a refugee better than a refugee himself. As he stated, “If I was a father on a moonlit beach about to take one of these journeys, you can bet that I would... say one of these prayers too.” Sea Prayer is about questioning your own self: what would you have done if you had to abandon your home and cross a deep sea on a cold night? How would you have reacted if you had lost your loved ones in the same sea? Imagine them dead. Imagine their fates being ended as a feast for the sea. Imagine the struggle of their last breaths before they were taken forever. Imagine them being washed up by the sea at the shore itself. How would you have felt? Imagine how a father would have felt to see his three-year-old like this? Hosseini leaves the grave questions for the mighty powers of the world to ponder through his short work of fiction!

Is Pakistan’s N-CPEC+ vision finally beginning to take shape?

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Pakistan’s unique geostrategic location at the crossroads of East, South, West, and Central Asia enables it to function as the “Zipper of Eurasia”, as I wrote over half a decade ago in September 2015 for the Russian Institute of Strategic Studies. I built upon this observation in March 2019 to declare that the creative leveraging of the unprecedented trans-regional connectivity potential offered by CPEC enables Pakistan to become the Global Pivot State. This ambitious vision is finally beginning to take shape after Prime Minister Imran Khan and the Uzbekistani Minister of Transport agreed to pursue a trans-Afghan railway line on Wednesday. I previously proposed such a corridor in my April 2019 debut analysis for CGTN about how “CPEC+ Is The Key To Achieving Regional Integration Goals”, which described the northern branch of CPEC through Afghanistan into Central Asia as N-CPEC+ (“N” referring to North). Eventually, this corridor could expand as far northwards as Russia to create a new North-South integration axis across Eurasia which aligns with President Putin’s vision for the Greater Eurasian Partnership (GEP) like I explained in an academic article that I co-authored over the summer that was republished by the prestigious Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC). As Pakistan begins to take on a more prominent role in trans-Eurasian integration processes, its strategic importance to both China and Russia will continue to rise. Both Great Powers have a shared interest in the South Asian state fulfilling its destiny to unite the supercontinent through CPEC+. It’s only through this connectivity paradigm that a true Convergence of Civilisations can occur, like I explained in an analysis for CGTN in May 2019. The outcome of Eurasia’s diverse civilisations cooperating on trade and other forms of integration could powerfully discredit Huntington’s infamous prediction about a coming “Clash of Civilisations”. Russian, Chinese, and Pakistani interests are all directly served through N-CPEC+. Moscow’s regional allies can become more internally stable as their economies grow upon securing access to the global markets that this corridor provides through the Indian Ocean, as could Russia’s resource-rich Siberian region. Beijing, meanwhile, will see its Pakistani-based CPEC investments put to use as a springboard for trans-continental integration processes and could also secure contracts to construct parts of its northern branch expansion as well. As for Islamabad, it would financially benefit by having its ports facilitate Central Asian trade with the wider world. N-CPEC+ is therefore more than just a connectivity corridor, it’s a grand strategic concept for the future of intra-Eurasian relations in the emerging Multipolar World Order. Russia, China, and Pakistan are coming closer together as each country realises that they need the others in order to fulfill their shared vision of stability in the supercontinent. In fact, continued movement in this direction might even lead to the creation of a new multipolar trilateral between them to replace the stalled one between Russia-India-China (RIC). The end result could be that a Golden Ring rises between them, Iran, Turkey, and Azerbaijan in the Heartland of Eurasia. To be clear, this won’t happen overnight, but the progress that was just made on agreeing to the Peshawar-Kabul-Mazar-e-Sharif trans-Afghan railway shows that the political will is certainly present to take this vision to its ultimate conclusion with time. Some formidable obstacles still remain, however, such as the unresolved conflict in Afghanistan and the efforts of external powers like India to sabotage this vision. There are also obvious questions of financing and other issues related to project implementation, as well as identifying which companies in the region and beyond are most eager to immediately tap into this project upon its completion. Nevertheless, there are plenty of reasons to remain optimistic, especially since it’s becoming undeniable that Russia and China both appreciate the strategic significance of Pakistan’s N-CPEC+ initiative to their GEP and Belt & Road Initiative (BRI) respectively. In fact, as GEP and BRI continue to synergise their connectivity capabilities, their patron states are realising that N-CPEC+ is indispensable to the success of their joint vision for the supercontinent. This understanding is accelerating trilateral integration between them and therefore leading to one of the most exciting geopolitical developments of the 21st century thus far.
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